How Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Changes with Age

Author: Michael Valuta, UF Undergraduate student

Published: September 2024

Understanding Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity

Disorder

ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is often perceived as a

childhood condition, but it is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that

evolves with age. While ADHD symptoms such as inattentiveness,

hyperactivity, and impulsivity are most recognized in children, these

symptoms can change in their intensity and expression as an individual

grows older.

Childhood and Adolescence

In childhood, ADHD often presents itself as hyperactivity and impulsivity, with

children struggling to sit still, follow instructions, or wait their turn. These

symptoms are more visible and tend to be disruptive in classroom settings,

making them more likely to be noticed and diagnosed. Boys are more

frequently diagnosed during this stage, possibly due to the more externalized

nature of their symptoms, such as disruptive behavior.

As children with ADHD enter adolescence, hyperactivity often diminishes, but

inattention and impulsivity may persist or even worsen. Adolescents may

struggle with organization, time management, and maintaining focus, which

can affect their academic performance. Social challenges also become more

prominent during this stage, as impulsivity might lead to risky behaviors, and

difficulties in maintaining attention can impact relationships.

Adulthood

In adulthood, ADHD symptoms tend to become more internalized. While

hyperactivity may further decrease, adults with ADHD often experience

chronic disorganization, difficulty in prioritizing tasks, and challenges with time

management. These issues can significantly impact work performance,

relationships, and general day-to-day functioning.

One key difference in adulthood is that the symptoms of ADHD often become

less visible to others. Adults may develop coping mechanisms, such as relying

heavily on lists or reminders, to manage their symptoms. However, these

strategies may only partially compensate for the challenges they face,

leading to persistent feelings of inadequacy or low self-esteem.

In addition, ADHD in adults is often accompanied by comorbid conditions

such as anxiety, depression, or substance abuse, which can complicate

diagnosis and treatment. These comorbidities might be more prominent in

women, who are more likely to be diagnosed with inattentive ADHD, where

symptoms like disorganization and forgetfulness overshadow hyperactive

behaviors.

Gender Differences and Late Diagnosis

Interestingly, there is a significant gender disparity in ADHD diagnosis rates.

Women are often diagnosed later in life compared to men, primarily due to

the subtler nature of their symptoms. Women with ADHD are more likely to

experience inattentiveness rather than hyperactivity, which can be mistaken

for personality traits like laziness or disinterest. As a result, many women do

not receive a diagnosis until adulthood, often after they have struggled with

ADHD-related challenges for years.

Treatment and Management

ADHD is a lifelong condition, but its symptoms can be managed effectively

with a combination of medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle

adjustments. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial, but even those

diagnosed later in life can benefit significantly from treatment. Understanding

how ADHD symptoms change over time is vital for providing the appropriate

support at each stage of life.

The FLOAAT Center provides FDA Approved ADHD Screenings through QB

Check. The approved testing screens for ADHD for anyone six years of age to

sixty years of age. Our team is here to help you take the first step toward

getting the care you need. Contact us today if you are interested!

References:

https://www.adhdcentre.co.uk/how-does-adhd-change-with-age/